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CHM 3101: Organic Chemistry 2

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Mode of Delivery

  • Online
  • Blended mode: mixed online and face –to –face
  • Face-to-face


1. Rationale

Many natural products and many synthetic drugs are partly aromatic. The steroidal hormone estrone, and the well known analgesic morphine have benzenoid aromatic ring components. The tranquilizer diazepam and aspirin for relief of headaches are examples of such drugs. Heterocyclic compounds such as the well known antimalarial, quinine, possess a quinolide structure. It is essential for chemists to study such important molecules that have benzenoid aromatic ring structures. In chemistry, the properties of a substance come from its structure. This module is essentially about the structure, properties and reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic aromatic compounds.

2. Prerequisite or Knowledge

Module 2 unit 4, introduction to organic chemistry
Modules 5 and 6: Organic chemistry I

3. General objective(s)

The general objectives of this module are:

  • to familiarize you with the concept of aromaticity and aromatic compounds so that you are able to identify aromatic compounds based on their structure. The emphasis will be mostly on the  chemistry of benzene as the main representative of aromatic compounds and its derivatives;
  • to introduce you to electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of benzene and its derivatives as opposed to addition reactions. These include nitration, halogenation, sulphonation, and Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions. These   are the typical reactions of benzene and its derivatives;
  • To expose you to the structure and chemistry of the heterocyclic systems, furan, thiophene and pyrrole as five-member ring heterocyclics, as well as pyridine and quinoline-which are six member ring heterocyclics;
  • to help you to use ICT facilities in teaching Including web-based materials.


4. Time

To cover this module it will require 120 hours.

5.  Material

The following are important materials that will be necessary to learn this module:

  • Models for structures of aromatic compounds on CD-Rom
  • Simulated reactions on CD/Video/DVD
  • Animation of reactions on CD/Video/DVD
  • Face to face demonstrations using physical models
  • Experimental setups for hands-on-experiments involving synthetic reactions of aromatic compounds
  • Recommended text books including web-based materials